About
The UK’s departure, on 31 January 2020, marked an unprecedented twist in the history of European integration. After decades of expansion, this was the first time that a country opted to leave the Union. The uncertainty surrounding future prospects and the absence of a precedent make this Work Package all the more important in the context of this project for three main reasons. First, the EU had to work out a partnership framework with a former Member State. Second, the exit of one of the largest countries in Europe leaving the EU may have ripple effects in various directions, whether fostering unity or encouraging fragmentation, not least depending on the shape and implementation of the UK-EU deal. Third, this process might carry broader repercussions for differentiated cooperation between the EU and non-Member States, including the elaboration of new formats of association or affiliation short of full membership. This Work Package aims to bring added value by monitoring and assessing the Brexit process and output with a focus on the potential economic, political, institutional and social implications, challenges and opportunities for differentiated integration and cooperation. Work Package Leader: European Policy Centre (EPC), Participants: Jacques Delors Institute, Centre for European Reform, Centre for International Information and Documentation in Barcelona
Work Package Leader
Participants
Publications
Work Package Deliverables
June 2021
The EU–UK Partnership and Implications for Differentiation Within the EU and Between the EU and Third Countries
Jannike Wachowiak and Fabian Zuleeg
December 2020
Brexit, the “Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice” and Migration
Emmanuel Comte
September 2020
Brexit and External Differentiation in Foreign, Security and Defence Policy
Ian Bond
June 2020
Brexit and External Differentiation in Single Market Access
Andreas Eisl and Eulalia Rubio
From The Network
2021
October 2021
EU-UK relations: there is no steady state
by Sam Lowe
Senior Research Fellow at Centre for European Reform (CER)
October 2021
Opening Pandora’s box: what the Eu-UK trade deal means for trade and conditionality
by Sam Lowe
Senior Research Fellow at Centre for European Reform (CER)
September 2021
After Brexit: Could bilateral agreements facilitate the free movement of persons?
by Diego Acosta
September 2021
Brexit is unravelling the peace process in Northern Ireland
By Seán Golden, Associate Senior Researcher, CIDOB
Medical devices and the limits of UK regulatory autonomy
By Sam Lowe, Derek Hill
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Objection!Why the EU opposes the UK's plan for cross channel litigation?
By Zach Meyers, Camino Mortera-Martinez
Centre for European Policy (CER)
June 2021
EU-UK climate cooperation post-Brexit: a case for optimism?
By Jannike Wachowiak
European Policy Centre (EPC)
Five years since the referendum: a short reflection and some highlights of the CER's Brexit coverage
By Charles Grant
Centre for European Policy (CER)
The US and the Northern Ireland Protocol: time to walk the walk
By Sam Lowe
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Could the Brexit domino effect come back to haunt us?
By Fabian Zuleeg and Jannike Wachowiak
European Policy Centre (EPC)
April 2021
The cost of Brexit, February 2021
By John Springford
Centre for European Policy (CER)
The cost of Brexit, January 2021: the end of transition edition
By John Springford
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Post brexit data transfers are not a done deal
By Sam Lowe, Camino Mortera-Martinez
Centre for European Policy (CER)
It takes two to tango: the EU and the UK need to work together to make the Northern Ireland Protocol work
By Sam Lowe
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Keeping up appearances: what now for UK services trade?
By Sam Lowe
Centre for European Policy (CER)
February 2021
The EU-UK relationship: it is what it is
By Fabian Zuleeg and Jannike Wachowiak
European Policy Centre (EPC)
February 2021
Exiting Erasmus is an avoidable mistake
By Hywel Ceri Jones
European Policy Centre (EPC)
January 2021
The EU-UK trade and cooperation agreement: a platform on which to build?
By Sam Lowe
Centre for European Policy (CER)
January 2021
Erasmus: a missed opportunity
By Hywel Ceri Jones
European Policy Centre (EPC)
2020
Brexit trade deal means 'freedom', but at a cost:the arguments will be far from over
By Sam Lowe
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Ten reflections on a sovereignity-first Brexit
By Charles Grant
Centre for European Policy (CER)
December 2020
Boris Johnson's brinkmasnhip: to the cliff edge or beyond?
By Fabian Zuleeg and Jannike Wachowiak
European Policy Centre (EPC)
Brexit and police and judicial cooperation: too little, too late?
By Camino Mortera-Martinez
Centre for European Policy (CER)
Post Brexit foreign, security and defence cooperation: we don't want to talk about it
By Ian Bond
Centre for European Policy (CER)
October 2020
The implications of a no deal Brexit for the EU
By Jannike Wachowiak
European Policy Centre (EPC)
Brexit and External Differentiation in Foreign, Security and Defence Policy
By Ian Bond
A Brexit Deal may yet emerge from the current confusion
By Charles Grant
Centre for European Policy (CER)
A terrible border is reborn? Ireland and a no deal Brexit
By Daniel Keohane
Centre for European Policy (CER)
A trade deal would give the city of London breathing space
By John Springford
Centre for European Policy (CER)
September 2020
Framing the state aid debate for the post-Covid era.
The Brexit Challenge.
by Elvire Fabry
Senior research fellow
Jacques Delors Institute
September 2020
Brexit: Endgame
by Fabian Zuleeg
Chief Executive of the European Policy Centre (EPC)
August 2020
Five reasons why even a basic EU-UK trade deal is better than nothing
by Sam Lowe
Senior Research Fellow at Centre for European Reform (CER)
July 2020
Brexit scenarios: Heading for a no-deal exit?
by Fabian Zuleeg
Chief Executive of the European Policy Centre (EPC), and Jannike Wachowiak, Junior Policy Analyst at the European Policy Centre (EPC)
July 2020
Heading for disaster
European Policy Centre (EPC) Discussion Paper by Roger Liddle, Member of the House of Lords
March 2020
Brexit negotiations: linkages need to be handled with care
by Kalypso Nicolaidis, member of EU IDEA Advisory Board, Professor of international relations
in Oxford and Chair of the Oxford Working group on Brexit
January 2020
Commentary: No good Brexit
Fabien Zuleeg
Chief Economist and Chief Executive
January 2020
Discussion Paper: Brexit: Getting it done
Andrew Duff
President of the Spinelli Group and a Visiting Fellow at the European Policy Centre
2019
December 2019
The EU should prepare for all UK post-election scenarios
By Larissa Brunner
European Policy Centre (EPC)
October 2019
The worst is yet to come
By Fabian Zuleeg
European Policy Centre (EPC)
October 2019
This deal or no deal
By Fabian Zuleeg
October 2019
THE COST OF BREXIT TO JUNE 2019
By John Springford
CER insight
The UK economy is 2.9 per cent smaller than it would be if the UK had voted to remain in the European Union, according to our latest estimate of the cost of Brexit to the end of the second quarter of 2019.
September 2019
‘NO DEAL’ BREXIT AND THE EU BUDGET: BEWARE THE RISK FOR EU UNITY
By Elvire Fabry, Eulalia Rubio
Jacques Delors Institut – Berlin blog
September 2019
Brexit: How was it for you?
By Andrew Duff
September 2019
HOW WOULD NEGOTIATIONS AFTER A NO-DEAL BREXIT PLAY OUT?
By John Springford
Centre for European Policy (CER) Insight
September 2019
DEAL OR NO DEAL? FIVE QUESTIONS ON BORIS JOHNSON’S BREXIT TALKS
By Charles Grant
CER insight
The rough shape of a deal between the UK and the EU is emerging: Northern Ireland would follow EU rules in some areas but not others. Yet the two sides remain far apart.
September 2019
HOW WOULD NEGOTIATIONS AFTER A NO-DEAL BREXIT PLAY OUT?
By John Springford
CER insight
After no deal, the EU would demand that the UK sign up to the provisions of the withdrawal agreement, but in exchange for an emergency deal that is far worse than the standstill transition.
August 2019
A NO-DEAL BREXIT IS NOT INEVITABLE
By Charles Grant
CER insight
A majority of MPs want to avoid a no-deal Brexit on October 31st. But if Boris Johnson is determined to leave the EU without a deal, MPs will struggle to stop him.
August 2019
BULLETIN ISSUE 127 – AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2019
By Camino Mortera-Martinez, Jonathan Faull, Simon Gleeson
CER bulletin articles
August 2019
No-deal Brexit means trouble for Brits living in the EU
Camino Mortera-Martinez
August 2019
What next for the EU’s capital markets union?
Jonathan Faull, Simon Gleeson
August 2019
No-deal Brexit means trouble for Brits living in the EU
Camino Mortera-Martinez
July 2019
NO-DEAL BREXIT MAY BE THE ONLY WAY OUT FOR BORIS JOHNSON
By Larissa Brunner
European Policy Centre (EPC)
July 2019
BORIS JOHNSON AND BREXIT: WHAT TO EXPECT
By John Springford
CER insight
There are no compromises on the backstop acceptable to the EU or a Johnson-led government. A general election fought by the Conservatives on a no deal ticket is therefore very likely.
July 2019
THE CAPITAL MARKETS UNION: SHOULD THE EU SHUT OUT THE CITY OF LONDON?
By Jonathan Faull, Simon Gleeson
CER policy brief
The EU’s capital markets union is intended to make its economy more resilient. That goal will be easier to achieve if the EU remains open to City of London markets.
June 2019
NOW IS THE WORST TIME FOR ‘GLOBAL BRITAIN’
By John Springford, Sam Lowe
CER insight
Global trade integration has stalled since the financial crisis, and is unlikely to pick up steam any time soon. In that context, plans for ‘global Britain’ will do little to offset the costs of Brexit.
May 2019
ENSURING A POST-BREXIT LEVEL PLAYING FIELD
By David Baldock, Larissa Brunner, Pablo Ibáñez Colomo, Emily Lydgate, Marley Morris, Martin Nesbit, Jacques Pelkmans, Vincent Verouden and Fabian Zuleeg
European Policy Centre (EPC)
May 2019
NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE BACKSTOP: WHY ‘ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS’ AREN’T AN ALTERNATIVE
By Sam Lowe
CER insight
Technical fixes for the Irish border will only work if created in conjunction with affected communities and businesses.
Multimedia
VIDEO
The future of EU-UK relationship.
A brief policy debate with Nicoletta Pirozzi (IAI and EU IDEA project coordinator) Fabian Zuleeg (EPC chief executive) and Kati Piri (MEP and co-rapporteur on the future EU/UK partnership). In this video, we discuss the main issues addressed at the public event organized in Brussels by EPC in the framework of the Horizon 2020 project.
Brexit Reviewed: Process, Consequences, and Scenarios
This public conference on Brexit was held at the University of Groningen on 11 April 2019, as part of a two-day meeting of the EU IDEA project consortium. The main topics addressed were the potential ramifications of Brexit in light of the extension granted to the May government until end of October 2019, the connection between Brexit and democracy, including the democratic paradox, as well as the implications of Brexit for Central European countries. Keynote speakers were Pier Domenico Tortola, University of Groningen, Larissa Brunner, European Policy Centre in Brussels, Lars Rensmann, University of Groningen, and Petr Kratochvíl, Institute of International Relations in Prague.
Euidea – Brexit and External Differentiation in Single Market Access
Concept and production by Eunews.
The video is based on the homonym Policy Brief by Andreas Eisl, Research Fellow on European Economic Policy at the Institut Jacques Delors, and Eulalia Rubio, Senior Research Fellow on European Economic Policy at the Institut Jacques Delors. It explained the two possible scenarios that Brexit could have lead to.
PODCAST
Euidea #2: Differentiated integration among the post-Brexit scenarios.
A discussion with Fabian Zuleeg, Chief Executive of the European Policy Centre, and Agata Gostyńska-Jakubowska, Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for European Reform.
Euidea #1: Brexit, where are we?
The first podcast of EUIDEA program is about the Brexit process. Nicoletta Pirozzi (IAI) and Piero Tortola (University of Groningen), moderated by Matteo Bonomi (IAI), discuss the withdrawal strategy, examine what kind of turmoil Brexit has caused in Britain and in Europe, and address the question of whether the rest of EU can be affected by other “exits”.
INFOGRAPHICS
Brexit and External Differentiation in Single Market Access
A focus on the two possible scenarios that brexit could have lead to. The infographic is based on the homonym Policy Brief by Andreas Eisl, Research Fellow on European Economic Policy at the Institut Jacques Delors, and Eulalia Rubio, Senior Research Fellow on European Economic Policy at the Institut Jacques Delors.
EVENTS
Report / EU-Idea Report
by Johannes Greubel, Grace Carter and Jannike Wachowiak
Report / Brexit reviewed: process consequences and scenarios
